Diagnostic Testing

EMG results explained

An EMG report describes the nerve conduction findings and the needle examination findings, then gives an impression. The impression is the part that answers your question: it states whether a problem was found, where it is, what type it is, and how severe.

Quick answer

An EMG report describes the nerve conduction findings and the needle examination findings, then gives an impression. The impression is the part that answers your question: it states whether a problem was found, where it is, what type it is, and how severe.

Read the impression first

The body of the report contains tables of numbers that mean little without training, and reading them cold usually generates worry rather than understanding. The impression at the end is where the neurologist states the conclusion in words. It typically names the affected nerve or nerve root, describes the type of problem, grades severity as mild, moderate or severe, and notes whether the findings are acute or long-standing.

Vocabulary you will meet

Latency is how long a signal takes to travel, and prolonged latency suggests slowing. Amplitude reflects how many fibres are responding, and reduced amplitude suggests fibre loss. Demyelinating means the insulating sheath is affected, which slows conduction. Axonal means the nerve fibre itself is damaged, which reduces amplitude. Fibrillations and positive sharp waves are abnormal spontaneous activity in muscle at rest, indicating loss of nerve supply. Chronic reinnervation changes suggest the problem has been present for some time and the body has partly compensated.

A normal study is a real result

If the report says normal, that is genuine information rather than a failure. It argues against a nerve or muscle cause for your symptoms and redirects the assessment elsewhere, which is useful. It does not mean the symptoms are imagined. Some conditions affect small nerve fibres that this study does not assess, and very early changes may not yet be visible, which is why the result is interpreted against your history by the neurologist who performed it rather than read in isolation.

About this practice

Clinical Neurology Specialists has been physician-owned since 1998, when Leo Germin, M.D., FAANEM founded it. Five board-certified neurologists and four advanced practice providers see patients at the Las Vegas and Henderson offices, each with its own AANEM-accredited electrodiagnostic laboratory.

Clinical Neurology Specialists is an adult outpatient neurology practice for patients 18 and older. The practice performs no surgery and operates no imaging suite, infusion suite or interventional pain programme, and provides no emergency or inpatient care.

Emergency & crisis resources: Clinical Neurology Specialists is not an emergency service. For stroke symptoms, a seizure lasting more than five minutes or any medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. For a mental health crisis, call or text 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline).

Frequently asked

Questions about eMG results explained

What do EMG results show?
Whether a problem was found, where it is, what type it is and how severe. The impression at the end of the report states this in words; the tables of numbers earlier in the report are the underlying data. Read the impression first; the tables earlier in the report are the underlying data and generate worry rather than understanding when read cold.
What does axonal mean on my report?
That the nerve fibre itself is damaged rather than only its insulating sheath. Axonal damage typically reduces signal amplitude, while demyelinating damage typically slows conduction. The distinction matters because the two point to different causes. Many reports describe a mixed picture with features of both, which is common and does not mean the study was inconclusive.
What are fibrillations?
Abnormal spontaneous electrical activity in a muscle at rest, which normally should be electrically silent. Their presence generally indicates that the muscle has lost some of its nerve supply, and their distribution helps localise where the problem is. They take weeks to develop after nerve injury, so their presence also gives a rough sense of how long the problem has been there.
My results are normal but I still have symptoms. What now?
A normal study argues against a nerve or muscle cause and redirects the assessment rather than ending it. Some conditions affect small fibres this study does not measure, and very early changes may not be visible yet. The next step is discussed against your history.
Who explains the results to me?
The neurologist who performed the study, since at CNS the clinician who orders and performs it is the one who interprets it. That means the discussion happens with someone who knows both the tracing and your history rather than a report arriving from an external reader.

Physician-reviewed. Reviewed by the physicians of Clinical Neurology Specialists — board-certified neurologists, AANEM-accredited electrodiagnostic laboratories, physician-owned since 1998. Reviewed 1 August 2026. This article is general education for adults 18 and older and is not a substitute for a consultation.

Next step

Speak to a board-certified neurologist

Adults 18 and older, at the Las Vegas and Henderson offices. Call 702-804-1212 or request an appointment online.