Conditions

How to treat peripheral neuropathy

Treatment has two separate parts: addressing the underlying cause where one is found, which can halt or occasionally improve the neuropathy, and treating the symptoms, which makes daily life tolerable. The first matters more for the long term.

Quick answer

Treatment has two separate parts: addressing the underlying cause where one is found, which can halt or occasionally improve the neuropathy, and treating the symptoms, which makes daily life tolerable. The first matters more for the long term.

Treating the cause is what changes the trajectory

This is the part that gets skipped when a prescription for nerve pain is the whole plan. Glucose control in diabetes and pre-diabetes slows progression. Correcting vitamin B12 deficiency can produce genuine improvement, and it is worth remembering that metformin lowers B12. Thyroid disease is treatable. Stopping alcohol matters. Reviewing medications identifies culprits including some chemotherapy agents and, less obviously, excess vitamin B6, which causes neuropathy in overdose as well as deficiency.

Symptom treatment, realistically described

Medications used for nerve pain can reduce it substantially, though rarely eliminate it. Several classes are used and response varies between individuals, so more than one attempt is normal rather than a failure. Each is started low and increased gradually, because starting high produces side effects that end the trial prematurely. Ordinary painkillers work poorly for nerve pain, which surprises people. Ask what to do about a missed dose, since some should not be stopped abruptly.

Foot care, which is not an afterthought

Where sensation is reduced, injuries go unnoticed, and an unnoticed foot ulcer is the complication with the most serious consequences. Daily inspection including between the toes and the soles, using a mirror or asking someone if reaching is difficult, catches problems while they are minor. Well-fitting footwear, checking inside shoes before putting them on, and never walking barefoot outdoors all matter. Physical therapy helps balance, which reduces falls where position sense is affected.

About this practice

Clinical Neurology Specialists has been physician-owned since 1998, when Leo Germin, M.D., FAANEM founded it. Five board-certified neurologists and four advanced practice providers see patients at the Las Vegas and Henderson offices, each with its own AANEM-accredited electrodiagnostic laboratory.

Clinical Neurology Specialists is an adult outpatient neurology practice for patients 18 and older. The practice performs no surgery and operates no imaging suite, infusion suite or interventional pain programme, and provides no emergency or inpatient care.

Emergency & crisis resources: Clinical Neurology Specialists is not an emergency service. For stroke symptoms, a seizure lasting more than five minutes or any medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. For a mental health crisis, call or text 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline).

Frequently asked

Questions about how to treat peripheral neuropathy

How is peripheral neuropathy treated?
In two parts. Treating the underlying cause where one is found, such as glucose control, correcting B12 deficiency or stopping a culprit medication, which can halt or occasionally improve it. And treating the symptoms with medications used for nerve pain, which makes daily life more tolerable.
Can it be reversed?
Sometimes, particularly where the cause is a correctable deficiency or a medication that can be stopped. Recovery is slow when it happens, measured in months. Where reversal is not possible, halting progression and controlling symptoms are realistic and worthwhile goals rather than consolation prizes.
Why do ordinary painkillers not help?
Because nerve pain arises from nerves signalling abnormally rather than from tissue damage, and common analgesics are poorly suited to that mechanism. This is a frequent source of frustration and often why people arrive assuming nothing will work. Knowing this early prevents months of escalating over-the-counter painkillers without benefit, which is a very common pattern.
Why is foot care emphasised so much?
Because reduced sensation means injuries go unnoticed, and an unnoticed ulcer is the complication with the most serious consequences. Daily inspection including between the toes, well-fitting shoes and never walking barefoot outdoors genuinely prevent that. Checking inside shoes before putting them on catches stones and rough seams that would otherwise go unnoticed, and takes seconds.
What if no cause is found?
A proportion remain idiopathic after thorough assessment, and that is an honest answer rather than an incomplete workup. Management then focuses on symptom control, protecting the feet, maintaining balance and monitoring for change, which remains worthwhile. Physical therapy for balance is also worthwhile, since reduced position sense increases falls risk independently of the pain.

Physician-reviewed. Reviewed by the physicians of Clinical Neurology Specialists — board-certified neurologists, AANEM-accredited electrodiagnostic laboratories, physician-owned since 1998. Reviewed 1 August 2026. This article is general education for adults 18 and older and is not a substitute for a consultation.

Next step

Speak to a board-certified neurologist

Adults 18 and older, at the Las Vegas and Henderson offices. Call 702-804-1212 or request an appointment online.